The evolution of modern oncology has underscored the importance of treatment timing and sequencing in achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes. In this context, Peri-/Neoadjuvant Strategies have become integral to multidisciplinary cancer management, aiming to improve surgical success and long-term survival. Neoadjuvant therapy, administered prior to surgery, can downstage tumors, eradicate micrometastatic disease, and provide early insights into treatment response. Perioperative approaches, encompassing both pre- and post-surgical interventions, offer additional benefits by strengthening systemic disease control and reducing recurrence risk. These strategies are increasingly being tailored based on tumor biology and patient-specific factors, aligning with the broader shift toward precision oncology and personalized treatment planning.
The expanding role of Peri-/Neoadjuvant Strategies is supported by a growing body of clinical evidence across multiple cancer types, including breast, lung, gastric, and colorectal malignancies. Combining immunotherapy, targeted agents, and chemotherapy in the peri- or neoadjuvant setting has demonstrated superior response rates and enhanced survival outcomes compared to traditional surgery-first approaches. Furthermore, advances in biomarker profiling and imaging allow clinicians to better predict response, refine therapy duration, and minimize treatment-related toxicity. As research continues to explore optimal combinations and sequencing, these strategies are reshaping the landscape of curative-intent cancer therapy—offering patients more effective, individualized, and durable pathways to remission while improving overall quality of life.