Plant tissue culture and micropropagation are powerful biotechnological techniques that have revolutionized plant breeding, conservation, and commercial production. These methods enable the growth and multiplication of plants under sterile, controlled conditions, bypassing the limitations of traditional propagation methods such as seed and vegetative propagation. Tissue culture involves cultivating plant cells, tissues, or organs on a nutrient medium, while micropropagation refers specifically to the rapid multiplication of plants via tissue culture. These techniques have extensive applications in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, and the conservation of endangered plant species. They also play a crucial role in improving crop varieties, enabling the production of disease-free plants, and preserving plant genetic diversity. Furthermore, tissue culture can facilitate the development of genetically modified plants with desired traits, enhancing food security and sustainable agriculture. These innovations continue to advance, offering new possibilities for addressing challenges in plant production and conservation.