Precision approaches are driving innovation in disease-specific regenerative medicine, where therapies are designed to meet the distinct requirements of conditions like Parkinson’s, type 1 diabetes, and osteoarthritis. By targeting disease mechanisms, researchers employ tailored stem cell lines, responsive scaffolds, and signaling molecules to regenerate affected tissues more effectively. Integration of genetic profiling and cellular engineering enables treatments that address not only structural damage but also underlying pathophysiology. Disease-specific regenerative medicine brings personalized medicine closer to reality by aligning molecular pathology with regenerative tools. This targeted approach reduces risks of immune rejection and improves therapeutic efficacy, especially in chronic and degenerative conditions with limited treatment options.