George M Sulamanidze | TotalCharm
Abstract
Aging is an ineludible process involving several intrinsic (genetic and epigenetic) as well as external factors (i.e., nutrition, radiation, and stress) leading to increasing functional deficiencies of the organs or organ system functions within an organism [1]. Skin as an organ deteriorates according to age progression in a process called “Aging.” Specifically, aging results in phenotypic, structural, and functional changes in the cutaneous cell showing altered metabolism of collagen, elastin, oligosaccharides, and proteoglycans which play crucial roles in tensile strength, elasticity, water retention, and hydration of skin [2, 3]. A three-dimensional (3D) perspective of skin aging shows that facial topography is affected by gravity, progressive bone resorption, decreasing texture, elasticity, and volume.
